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Hazardous waste poses a threat to the environment or human health. This is due to its physical, biological, reactive, poisonous, exploding and other properties. Thus, obtaining the Hazardous Waste Authorization is necessary to treat such waste.
HWM is a procedure to ensure such waste is handled, stored, and disposed of properly. It must also protect both humans and the environment. Hazardous waste is produced during the production of commercial goods. Also, it has waste produced by businesses engaged in refining crude oil. Add to it waste from manufacturing paint, aluminium, and electronics items.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) released data in 2015. It showed that India produces more than seven mmt of hazardous waste yearly. About 40,000 to 44,000 firms generate this waste. Thus, its proper management and disposal becomes important. These businesses are, therefore, mandated to get the Hazardous Waste Authorization.
The negative effects of hazardous waste can be reduced. This is possible via its scientific disposal. The process includes collecting, storing, packaging, transiting and treating in an eco-friendly way. Individual waste producers may have built captive treatment facilities. This is required to dispose of their hazardous waste. However, common hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (CHWTSDFs) may be used instead. There are 40 CHWTSDFs in more than 15 states and UTs.
The businesses engaged in waste reprocessing use hazardous waste. It includes lead acid battery scraps, used and waste oil. Add to it spent catalysts and other harmful items. Other wastes, such as waste tires, paper, metal debris, etc., are also included. These serve as raw materials, supplemental materials, and energy recovery resources. Therefore, using such waste for recycling or resource recovery is always better than dumping or burning it. Around 1080 recyclers are listed, and 47 cement factories can co-process. Also, 108 businesses are allowed to use hazardous waste.
An authority is assigned to issue the hazardous waste management authorization. The authorization guarantees that such waste is handled, treated, and disposed of in an eco-friendly way. Checking the applicant's compliance with HWM rules is also included. The authority also evaluates applicants' potential to manage hazardous waste without risking public health or the environment. The license holder must adhere to all the norms.
The HWML system monitors hazardous waste generation and transportation. Furthermore, it tracks the waste disposal in India. The system manages the hazardous waste safely and responsibly. Due to this, risks to public health and the environment are reduced. All waste producers and transporters must obtain Hazardous Waste Management Authorization. The disposers, too, should get the authorization. They must also abide by rules regarding waste handling and disposal. Notably, the licensing system conducts audits and inspections regularly. This is done to check for compliance with the rules. The audits also discover potential dangers or violations. The HWML system is important for India's environment and human health because it monitors hazardous waste management practices closely.
The Hazardous Waste Management Rules, 2016, instructs the facilities handling such waste. The facilities must obtain the Hazardous Waste Management Authorization. The rules mandate regular audits and inspections. This ensures compliance with the environmental rules. The State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) or Pollution Control Committees (PCC) conduct audits and inspections. These audits evaluate the facility's environmental performance. These also help in detecting any violations. It also helps identify non-compliance issues.
The Hazardous Waste Management Authorization granting authority’s function include raising awareness. The authority must provide education about hazardous waste management. This includes ensuring that everyone, from industry to the public, knows about the dangers of such waste. People must also be aware of properly managing and disposing of such waste. This helps to protect the environment and human health.
The kind of activity and the amount of hazardous waste produced determine eligibility. These factors also determine the requirements for obtaining a hazardous waste management authorization. The SPCB typically issues a license to any individual or organization. These people or firms generate, collect and transport hazardous waste. They are also involved in processing or disposing of such waste. Establishing an ideal facility for waste handling and disposal is an absolute must. It must also adhere to the rules.
Additionally, submitting relevant documents like a waste management plan, site map, and financial statements is also important. Also, the applicant must have qualified employees and insurance covering any mishaps. A hazardous waste management authorization is issued only if all environmental laws and rules are followed.
In India, the HWM Rules, 2016, govern the hazardous waste management authorization. The following criteria must be fulfilled to get the authorization:
The SPCB or PCC grants hazardous waste management authorization. But this is given only upon fulfilling the above criteria. However, this is subject to any extra conditions or requirements set by the authorities.
The list of basic documents required includes:
The following documents are also required for obtaining Hazardous Waste Management Authorization in India:
The hazardous waste management authorization is valid for five years. A request for its renewal must be made 120 days before the current one expires.
Non-compliance with HWM rules in India can seriously affect individuals and firms. Here are some potential consequences of non-compliance:
Hazardous waste management authorization helps protect the environment. This ensures that hazardous waste is stored, transported and disposed of properly. These must be managed to reduce the risk of contamination and pollution. This helps prevent long-term damage to the environment and wildlife.
B. Health and SafetyGetting hazardous waste management authorization is similar to taking an eco-friendly step. This ensures the protection of the health and safety of the people in and around the facility. Along with running any business, becoming responsible citizens is also important.
C. Compliance with Legal RequirementsHazardous waste management authorization ensures federal, state, and local compliance. These are regarding the handling, storage, and disposal of such waste. Failure to comply with these rules can result in huge penalties, fines and legal liability.
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Hazardous waste management authorization is important in India. It ensures safe and responsible handling, transportation, storage and disposal of such waste. The following reasons explain the importance of such an authorization:
Hazardous waste poses serious health risks to people and the environment. Proper management of such waste helps to reduce the risks of exposure to toxic substances. It also prohibits exposure to pollutants. Otherwise, these pollutants can cause respiratory problems, cancers and other illnesses.
Improper disposal of hazardous waste can have severe environmental impacts. It causes groundwater contamination. It also results in soil and air pollution. Hazardous waste management authorization ensures that waste is handled, transported, and disposed of properly. All these steps must ensure that waste management reduces environmental damage.
Proper hazardous waste management promotes sustainable development. This is done by reducing waste generation. It also reduces the impact of waste on the environment. It also encourages the adoption of eco-friendly technologies and practices.
Overall, Hazardous waste management authorization is essential. It ensures the protection of public health. Further, it helps in the preservation of the environment. Additionally, promoting sustainable development is also guaranteed. Ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements in India is also possible.
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